Zika virus is a disease primarily transmitted by
mosquitoes. The disease has historically occurred in Africa, Southeast Asia and
islands in the Pacific Ocean. In May 2015, Zika virus was found for the first
time in the Western Hemisphere in northeastern Brazil. The virus has since
spread through much of the Caribbean, Central America and South America.
There
have been no reported cases of Zika virus disease transmission through mosquito
bites in Ohio or anywhere else in the continental United States at this time.
However, cases have been reported in travelers returning to the United States
from Zika virus-affected countries.
How Zika Spreads?
Zika virus spreads to people primarily through the
bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus).
The mosquitoes that spread Zika can bite at day and night.
Zika virus can also spread
• During sex with a person who has Zika to his or
her sex partners.
• From a pregnant woman to her fetus during
pregnancy or around the time of birth.
• Through blood transfusion (likely but not
confirmed).
What
are the symptoms of Zika virus infection?
About 1 in 5 people infected with Zika virus will
develop symptoms. Illness from Zika virus is usually mild, and most people feel
better within a week. Symptoms of Zika virus include fever, rash, joint pain,
conjunctivitis (red eyes), muscle pain and headache. Severe disease requiring
hospitalization is uncommon, and deaths are rare. Rare complications may
include Guillain-Barré syndrome (neurologic abnormalities) following a Zika
virus infection.
Why
Zika is Risky for Some People?
Zika infection during pregnancy can microcephal yand
other birth defects. Microcephaly is a birth defect in which a baby’s head is
smaller than expected when compared to babies of the same sex and age. There
have also been increased reports of Guillain-Barré syndrome, an uncommon
sickness of the nervous system, in areas affected by Zika.
How is a Zika virus infection treated?
There is no specific treatment for a Zika virus
infection. Treat the symptoms by getting plenty of rest, drinking fluids to
stay hydrated and taking medications to reduce fever and pain such as
acetaminophen. Avoid taking aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
medications. If you are pregnant, contact your obstetrician or prenatal care
provider for additional follow-up.
0 Comments